How to make multiple choice questions that actually test something
A multiple choice question has three parts: the stem (the question), the key (the correct answer) and the distractors (the wrong options). Whether you write them yourself or check an AI's, the same rules apply:
- The stem is a complete question. A reader should be able to answer it before seeing the options. "Mitochondria:" followed by four statements is a true/false quiz in disguise.
- One best answer. If an expert could argue for two options, rewrite the weaker one.
- Options look alike. Same length, same grammar, same level of detail. The longest, most qualified option is often the key, and test-wise students know it.
- Avoid all of the above and none of the above. Spotting two correct options gives away "all of the above" without knowing the third.
- Be careful with negatives. If you must ask which option is NOT true, make the NOT impossible to miss.
Test the stem, not the reading. A question whose answer is the only option that repeats a word from the stem is testing pattern matching, not knowledge.





